If you’re an international student or professional planning your future in the U.S., you’ve likely come across terms like Day 1 CPT, OPT, and H1B visa. While all three pathways allow you to work in the U.S., they serve different purposes and have distinct rules. Understanding these differences can help you make informed decisions about your study-to-work journey in the United States.
In this blog, we break down Day 1 CPT vs OPT vs H1B, compare their pros and cons, and help you decide which option fits your goals best.
What is Day 1 CPT?
Day 1 CPT (Curricular Practical Training) allows international students on F-1 visas to start working from the first day of their academic program.
Key Features:
- Eligibility: Must be enrolled in a degree program that requires practical training from the start.
- Work Type: Must be related to your field of study.
- Approval: Granted by your university’s Designated School Official (DSO).
- Part-Time or Full-Time: Can be either, depending on program structure.
Best for students who want to work while studying without waiting a full academic year.
What is OPT?
OPT (Optional Practical Training) is a benefit available to F-1 students allowing up to 12 months of work authorization after completing a degree.
Types of OPT:
- Pre-Completion OPT: Work during studies (rarely used).
- Post-Completion OPT: Work after graduation.
- STEM OPT Extension: Additional 24 months for STEM graduates.
Key Features:
- Work must be related to your degree.
- Apply via USCIS (processing takes 2–4 months).
- Only 90 days of unemployment allowed during OPT period.
Ideal for students looking to gain U.S. work experience post-graduation.
What is H1B?
The H1B visa is a non-immigrant work visa for specialty occupations requiring at least a bachelor’s degree or equivalent.
Key Features:
- Sponsored by a U.S. employer.
- Valid for 3 years, extendable to 6 years.
- Annual lottery due to high demand.
- Dual intent: You can apply for a green card while on H1B.
Great for professionals transitioning to long-term careers in the U.S.
Day 1 CPT vs OPT vs H1B: Comparison Table
Feature | Day 1 CPT | OPT (Post-Completion) | H1B Visa |
Visa Type | F-1 | F-1 | H1B (Non-immigrant work visa) |
Start Time | From Day 1 of program | After graduation | After OPT or direct job offer |
Employer Sponsorship | Not required | Not required | Required |
Duration | Varies (depends on program) | Up to 12 months (36 for STEM) | 3 years (extendable to 6) |
Application Process | University DSO approval | USCIS approval required | USCIS lottery + approval |
Type of Work Allowed | Must relate to curriculum | Must relate to degree | Must relate to job position |
Which Option Should You Choose?
Here’s how to decide:
- Choose Day 1 CPT if:
- You’re enrolling in a program that includes mandatory practical training from the start.
- You want to work immediately while studying.
- Choose OPT if:
- You want to gain experience after graduation.
- You’re in a STEM field (for the 24-month extension).
- Choose H1B if:
- You have a U.S. job offer.
- You’re planning to work long-term and potentially settle in the U.S.
Legal Considerations
- Day 1 CPT is controversial. Overuse or misuse may raise red flags during H1B or green card processing.
- Always consult with your DSO or immigration attorney before making a decision.
Career Tips for International Students
- Apply for internships early to strengthen your OPT and H1B applications.
- Choose STEM-designated programs to extend OPT duration.
- Network actively and attend career fairs to secure H1B sponsors.
- Keep all I-20s, offer letters, and approvals for future visa applications.
People Also Ask
1. Is Day 1 CPT legal?
Yes, if the university is accredited and the work is required as part of the curriculum. Always verify the legitimacy of the program.
2. Can I switch from Day 1 CPT to OPT?
Yes, you can switch if you have not used more than 12 months of full-time CPT. Otherwise, you may lose OPT eligibility.
3. Can I go from OPT to H1B?
Yes. Many students use OPT to gain experience and transition to an H1B visa through employer sponsorship.
4. Can I do Day 1 CPT during my master’s?
Yes, if the program offers it and the job is directly related to your field of study.
5. How long is OPT valid?
Standard OPT is valid for 12 months. STEM OPT extension adds 24 more months for eligible fields.
6. How do I apply for an H1B visa?
Your employer must file a petition during the H1B lottery window (typically March). Once selected, USCIS processes your visa.
7. Do I need a job to apply for OPT?
No, but having a job offer helps. You must start working within 90 days to avoid losing status.
8. Can I travel outside the U.S. while on Day 1 CPT or OPT?
Yes, but with proper documentation (valid F-1 visa, I-20 signed for travel, job offer letter).
9. Which universities offer Day 1 CPT?
Some universities offering Day 1 CPT include Campbellsville University, University of the Cumberlands, and Harrisburg University. Verify accreditation before enrolling.
10. Can I apply for a green card on Day 1 CPT?
No. Day 1 CPT is under F-1 status, which does not allow dual intent like the H1B.
Final Thoughts
Day 1 CPT, OPT, and H1B are powerful options that open doors to career opportunities in the U.S. Choosing the right path depends on your academic goals, career plans, and visa strategy. When used wisely and legally, these options can help you grow professionally and possibly settle in the U.S.
Ready to Take the Next Step?
Explore Day 1 CPT universities, track OPT-friendly programs, and find H1B transition opportunities all in one place at CPT Hunt.
Whether you’re looking for:
- Accredited Day 1 CPT colleges
- STEM programs with extended OPT
- Employers hiring international students
CPT Hunt helps you research, compare, and connect with the right options to launch your career in the U.S.
